Mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi maviri ekushanda nesimba muChina, China photovoltaic indasitiri yave yakakura pasi rose photovoltaic musika uye photovoltaic indasitiri yekugadzira nzvimbo ine zvakanakira mune tekinoroji uye chiyero."Photovoltaic" ishoko rinozivikanwa uye risingazivikanwi;zvakare ishoko rinoshamisa uye rine tariro.Nguva yekuchinja kwesimba yakaunza simba rakasvibirira kudzimba dzedu.Ita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve nani.
Iyo "Development Situation uye Remangwana Tarisiro yeChina's Photovoltaic Indasitiri muna 2022" yakaburitswa neChina Photovoltaic Industry Association inoratidza kuti muna 2021, indasitiri yenyika yangu yephotovoltaic, kugadzirwa kwepolysilicon kunotungamira pasi rose kwemakore gumi nerimwe akateedzana;photovoltaic module kugadzirwa kwekutanga munyika kwe15 makore akateedzana;Iyo yakaiswa simba inomira yekutanga munyika kwemakore 9 akateedzana;iyo yakawedzera yakaiswa simba ye photovoltaics inomira yekutanga munyika kwemakore manomwe akateedzana.Nhasi, kana kumba kana kunze kwenyika, mamiriro ezvinhu kana zvinotarisirwa, iyo photovoltaic industry iri kubudirira.
Asi vanhu zvakare vane kusahadzika nezve "hombe yekutengeserana tsvimbo" yemakore gumi apfuura ichadzokorora, kana kuwedzera kwesilicon zvinhu kucharamba kuchimanikidza indasitiri, uye ndeipi kambani inogona kumira kunze pasi pemakwikwi anotyisa, nezvimwewo, uye izvi zvose zvinogona kutorwa kubva kune photovoltaic industry.Mhinduro inowanikwa mukugadzirisa.
Mumakore ekuma1970, dambudziko remafuta rakatanga, uye solar photovoltaic power generation industry yakaunza mukana wakanaka webudiriro pasi rose.Panguva iyoyo, United States yaiva hegemon ye photovoltaic industry.Nekutsigirwa kwemitemo uye teknolojia yekuunganidza, nhamba yepasi rose-class photovoltaic enterprises yakazvarwa, uye dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira dzakatevera uye dzakasimba zvakasimba photovoltaic industry.
MuChina, nekuda kwemhindu yakakwira yekugadzira polycrystalline silicon mapaneru, makambani mazhinji ave photovoltaic cell foundries, asi aya ekugadzira anonyanya kupihwa kumusika wepasirese, uye iyo yakazara yemukati photovoltaic yakaiswa simba yakadzikira.Muna 2000, IEA World Energy Conference yakafanotaura kuti panosvika 2020, huwandu hweChina hwakaiswa photovoltaic huchave huri pasi pe0.1GW.
Zvisinei, kuvandudzwa kweChina photovoltaic industry yakapfuura zvakanyanya tarisiro iyi.Kune rimwe divi, tsvakiridzo yetekinoroji uye budiriro zvakaramba zvichiita mabhindauko.Nyika yakatevedzana yakamisikidza akati wandei akakosha marabhoritari uye engineering tekinoroji yekutsvagisa nzvimbo, uye yakabatana neanozivikanwa zvikoro zvekumba kuita tsvakiridzo yekutanga pazvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye michina mukuita kwekugadzira magetsi ephotovoltaic.
Kune rimwe divi, chiyero chemabhizinesi chakura.Muna 1998, Miao Liansheng, uyo akaunza zvidimbu kubva kuJapan kuti aunganidze mwenje wesolar neon, akafarira zvikuru indasitiri yesimba rezuva uye akatanga Baoding Yingli New Energy Co., Ltd., ikava yekutanga Chinese photovoltaic indasitiri kambani.
Muna 2001, nerutsigiro rweWuxi Municipal Government, Shi Zhengrong, akadzidza pasi pe "baba vesimba rezuva" Muzvinafundo Martin Green, akadzoka kubva kunodzidza kunze kwenyika ndokugadzira Wuxi Suntech Solar Power Co., Ltd., yave nyika. -yakakurumbira photovoltaic giant.Munenge muna 2004, nekuunzwa kwe "Kyoto Protocol", "Renewable Energy Law" uye mabhiri ayo akadzokororwa, iyo yepasi rose photovoltaic industry yakatanga kubuda kwakazara.
Makambani eChinese photovoltaic anotora mukana wemamiriro ezvinhu kuti amire pasi rose.Muna Zvita 2005, Suntech yakava bhizinesi rekutanga rakazvimirira muChina kunyorwa paNew York Stock Exchange.Muna June 2007, Yingli yakabudirira kunyorwa paNew York Stock Exchange.Munguva iyi, makambani eChinese photovoltaic akadai seJA Solar, Zhejiang Yuhui, Jiangsu Canadian Solar, Changzhou Trina Solar, uye Jiangsu Linyang vakabudirira kunyora mhiri kwemakungwa imwe pashure peimwe.Data inoratidza kuti muna 2007, kubuda kwepasi rose kwemasero ezuva kwaive 3,436 MW, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe56%.Pakati pavo, chikamu chemusika chevagadziri veJapan chakadonha kusvika ku26%, uye chikamu chemusika chevagadziri veChinese chakawedzera kusvika 35%.
Muna 2011, indasitiri yephotovoltaic yeChina yakaunza nguva ine njodzi.Dambudziko rezvemari repasi rose rasvika pamusika weEuropean photovoltaic, uye United States yakatanga ongororo ye "double-anti" pamakambani eChinese photovoltaic.Nekutsigirwa kwemitemo yakawanda, makambani e photovoltaic akawanazve nzvimbo yavo yekugara mumusika wepamba.
Kubva ipapo, yave iri nguva yakareba ye "unyanzvi hwemukati" hweChinese photovoltaic makambani.Kubva pane zvigadzirwa zvesilicon, silicon wafers, maseru kusvika kumamodules, mabheti emakambani matsva akabuda muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, seGCL, iyo yakatyora iyo monopoly yepolysilicon tekinoroji.Boka, LONGi Boka, rinokurudzira kutsiva kwepolysilicon ine monocrystalline silicon, Tongwei Group, iyo inopfuura mumakona nePERC cell tekinoroji, zvichingodaro.Kunyangwe iyo photovoltaic industry policy yakabvisa rubatsiro, China's photovoltaic industry, iyo yatova mberi kweindastiri yephotovoltaic yepasi rose, yakakurumidza kugadzirisa uye kupinda mudanho rekusimudzira kune chinangwa che "grid parity".Mumakore gumi apfuura, mari yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi photovoltaic yakaderera.80% -90%.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti matambudziko e "trade stick" haaperi.Mumakore achangopfuura, United States, India nedzimwe nyika dzakashandisa matanho ekudzivirira kutengeserana kakawanda kuitira kuchengetedza yavo pachavo photovoltaic industry, yakadai seUnited States 201 kuongorora, 301 kuongorora uye India anti-dumping kuongorora.Muna Kurume wegore rino, vezvenhau veUS vakashumawo kuti Dhipatimendi reCommerce reUS richaongorora kana vagadziri vemagetsi ezuva rekuChina vari kutenderedza mitero yezuva nekuita bhizinesi munyika ina dzeSoutheast Asia.Kana kuferefetwa kuri kwechokwadi, US ichaisa mitero pa photovoltaic modules kubva kune idzi ina dzeSoutheast Asia nyika.high tariffs.
Munguva pfupi, ichava nemigumisiro pakushanda kwemakambani epamba photovoltaic, kunyanya makambani ane hukama ane chikamu chikuru chemisika yemhiri kwemakungwa kana kukura nokukurumidza.Semuenzaniso, muna 2021, mari yemusika weAmerica ichava 13 bhiriyoni yuan, gore negore kuwedzera kwe47%, kuverengera 16% yemari yose;musika weEurope uchave 11.4 bhiriyoni yuan, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe128%, inoverengera 14% yemari yese.Asi yemazuva ano yeChina photovoltaic industry haisi iyo yaimbove.Iyo yakazvimirira uye inodzoreka yeindasitiri cheni yakadzivirira "yakanamatira mutsipa" dambudziko senge chip.Iyo tekinoroji uye chiyero chekutsvagisa nekusimudzira uye kugadzirwa kune mukana, uye musika mukuru wekuda pasi pekutenderera kwemukati zvakare wakasimba rutsigiro, mhiri kwemusika kupokana kunogona kurwadza kune mamwe makambani, chero tekinoroji uye zvigadzirwa zviri mambo, zvakaoma. kuzunungusa nheyo.
Kutarisana nekuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa kwe photovoltaic industry, vanhu vedu vane tarenda vanoramba vachikwira pamusoro peiyo indasitiri.Isu tiri nyanzvi mu photovoltaic system uye kuchenesa kushanda nekugadzirisa, uye zvakare kuvhenekera zviuru zveshamwari kubva kumativi ose enyika.mamiriyoni emhuri.Inopawo green photovoltaic simba kune shamwari pasi rose.Uchenjeri hunogona kuvhenekera nyika yakasvibira.
Nguva yekutumira: May-27-2022